Northern Illinois University

Blackwell Museum

Education Timeline

1890s

1899 Classes begin at Northern Illinois State Normal School on September 12, 1899.

1900s

1900 The Milan Township District #83 schoolhouse is built.
1904 The first consolidated school in Illinois is opened in Winnebago County on February 1, 1904. Consolidated schools pooled children from several one-room schools into single, multi-classroom schools like today’s.
1908 307,111 children attend school in the 10,638 one-room schoolhouses of Illinois.President Theodore Roosevelt forms the National Commission on Country Life to find some solutions for “rural problems,” including looking into the consolidation of schools.

1910s

1913 Half of the school children in the United States are enrolled in the country’s 212,000 one-room schools.32% of the teachers of Illinois have two or more years of training beyond high school graduation.
1918 There are more than 90,000 one-room schoolhouses in the Midwest.
1919 A federal report notes that about 200,000 one-teacher, country schools provide the only means of education for the large majority of rural children in the United States.

1920s

1921 Northern Illinois State Normal School becomes Northern Illinois State Teacher’s College.
1925 About one-half of the elementary school children in Illinois outside of Cook County are enrolled in one-room schools.DeKalb County has 154 school districts.
1929 Homer Hall is appointed as director of the Rural Education program that trains teachers for one-room schools at Northern Illinois State Teacher’s College.

1930s

1931 The total enrollment at Northern Illinois State Teacher’s College is 850 students.The State of Illinois estimated that 1750 teachers are needed annually to fill the vacancies in the state’s one-room schools.
1932 72% of the teachers of Illinois have two or more years of training beyond high school graduation.
1938 By this year, more than 19,000 one-room schools have been abandoned near urban areas throughout the Midwest.

1940s

1942 The Milan Township District #83 Schoolhouse closes its doors.
1945 There are 12,090 school districts in Illinois.
9,405 are one-teacher districts and classified as rural.
4,100 of these have less than 10 students at this time.
548 school districts have less than 5 students at this time.
1947 1,500,000 students in the United States are still served by one-room schools, even though half of them had closed by 1917.

1950s

1950 A federal report notes that the number of one-room schools is steadily decreasing as farms grow larger and more mechanized and the population shifts from rural areas to urban areas.By 1950, a total of thirty-six state teacher’s colleges nationwide had become state colleges: Fourteen of these converted between 1946 and 1950.
1955 Most state teacher’s colleges have changed to state colleges.Northern Illinois State Teacher’s College becomes Northern Illinois State College.
1956 Northern Illinois State College becomes Northern Illinois University.

1990s

1994 Wayne and Mary McIlrath donate the Milan Township District #83 Schoolhouse to the Blackwell History of Education Museum located at Northern Illinois University.
1999 The Milan Township District #83 Schoolhouse is reconstructed on the campus of Northern Illinois University.